Tic enzymes including glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione transferase are in linear relationship with antioxidant status and glutathione contents (P < 0.05) while superoxide dismutase (SOD) was positively associated with this trait. The correlation matrix clearly showed that most of these parameters linked with a chain of variables, but indices of antioxidant status (P < 0.05) are linked with MPO, xanthine oxidase, and nitric oxide (P < 0.01). The lower antioxidant status is linked with higher immune responses and vice-versa that in turn affect negatively the hepatic enzyme production.Discussion Diabetes mellitus is associated with production of free radicals that impart some unfavorable changes in the body metabolism. Resultantly, these changes are important in determining the complications. StreptozotocinParameters Xanthine oxidase (IU/mg protein) Diets(STZ) has shown in some previous research studies to produce oxygen free radicals by stimulating H2O2 generation in pancreatic -cells that can damage the -cell membranes and results in depletion of intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), thus leading to onset and progression of diabetes mellitus [23]. The increased free radical production results in diabetes complications including cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infractions, liver and kidney damage, and indeed neurodegenerative disorders [24]. Most of these complications are due to excessive free radical production and immunosuppression. In the present research, we attempted to address the complications associated with diabetes mellitus with special reference to the free radical production using N. Sativa fixed and essential oils. In this research, PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26080418 we induced diabetes mellitus in Sprague Dawley rats using streptozotocin (STZ) and assessed the effectiveness of N. sativa fixed and essential oils in 8 weeks trails in reducing oxidative damage, improving antioxidant potential, Beclabuvir chemical information modulation of hepatic enzymes, and boosting immunity. The results of the present exploration indicated that production of free radicals increased. STZ results in depletion ofStudy intervals (Days) 0 28 29.82 ?0.97b 28.28 ?0.95bc 26.33 ?1.28 cd 17.34 ?0.562b 13.53 ?0.455d 12.42 ?0.605e 25.98 ?0.84b 21.58 ?0.73d 21.21 ?1.03d 56 32.13 ?1.63a 25.10 ?1.11d 19.33 ?0.86e 20.65 ?1.047a 13.28 ?0.585d 10.85 ?0.482f 27.13 ?1.38a 21.22 ?0.93d 17.43 ?0.77e 26.13 ?1.51c 29.03 ?1.21b 29.45 ?1.12b 15.66 ?0.904c 16.09 ?0.673c 16.08 ?0.612c 23.42 ?1.35d 23.47 ?0.98c 24.79 ?0.94bcTable 4 Effects of N. sativa fixed and essential oil on indices of immune system in diabetic ratsD1 D2 DMyeloperoxidase (IU/mg protein)D1 D2 DNitric oxide (nmol/dL )D1 D2 DMeans sharing same letters in a column/row do not differ significantly at P < 0.05. D1 = control diet; D2 = N. sativa seed fixed oil; D3 = N. sativa seed essential oil.Sultan et al. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014, 14:193 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/14/Page 6 ofTable 5 Correlation matrix of some important parameters in diabetic ratsGSH GSH -Toc -Toc SOD CAT GLPx GR GST MPO XO NO 1.00 0.96** 0.85** -0.87** 0.83** 0.74* 0.73* 0.78* -0.90** -0.90** -0.94** 1.00 0.84** -0.84** 0.77* 0.72* 0.72* 0.77* -0.86** -0.87** -0.89** 1.00 -0.77* 0.92** 0.90** 0.85** 0.94** -0.97** -0.87** -0.90** 1.00 -0.79** -0.63 -0.s-Toc-TocSODCATGLPxGRGSTMPOXONO1.00 0.94** 0.88** 0.95** -0.94** -0.91** -0.88** 1.00 0.95** 0.99** -0.92** -0.83** -0.78* 1.00 0.94** -0.86** -0.88** -0.70* 1.00 -0.95** -0.