Isdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.Abstract: In this paper we examined the interaction amongst greenhouse gas emissions, nuclear energy, coal power, urban agglomeration, and economic growth in Pakistan by utilizing time series information through 1972019. The stationarity on the variables was tested by way of unit root tests, while the ARDL (autoregressive distributed lag) technique with long and short-run estimations was applied to reveal the linkages amongst variables. A unidirectional association involving all variables was revealed by performing a Granger causality test beneath the vector error correction model (VECM) that was extracted through the short-run estimate. Additionally, the stepwise least squares method was also utilized to check the robustness on the variables. The findings of long-run estimations showed that GHG emissions, coal energy, and urban agglomeration have an adversative association with economic growth in Pakistan, when nuclear power showed a dynamic association together with the Ganoderic acid N Cancer financial growth. The outcomes of short-run estimations also show that nuclear energy features a constructive association with economic development, when the remaining variables exposed an adversative linkage to economic development in Pakistan. Similarly, the Granger causality test beneath the vector error correction model (VECM) outcomes exposes that all variables have unidirectional association. Furthermore, the outcomes of your stepwise least squares approach reveals that GHG emissions and coal power have an adverse association with economic growth, and variables nuclear power and urban agglomeration have a productive linkage to the financial growth in Pakistan. GHG emissions are no doubt an emerging challenge globally; consequently, conservative policies and monetary support are required to tackle this challenge. In spite of the fact that Pakistan contributes significantly less to greenhouse gas emissions than industrialized countries, the government will have to implement new policies to address this problem to be able to contribute to environmental sustainability while also enhancing economic improvement. Keyword phrases: GHG emissions; energy consumption; nuclear energy; economic development; carbon emission; environmentCopyright: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This short article is an open access post distributed beneath the terms and conditions in the Inventive Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (licenses/by/ 4.0/).1. Introduction The consumption of power has risen considerably through the previous century because of quite a few breakthroughs and every day improvements. Because of this, nearly every single aspectEnergies 2021, 14, 7703. ten.3390/enmdpi/journal/energiesEnergies 2021, 14,2 ofof human life is becoming increasingly reliant on power. Unquestionably, low-priced and reliable energy is crucial for all nations, but this really is particularly true for the establishing countries. Demand for energy has risen in quite a few nations as a result of growing industrialization, agricultural modernization, globalization, and improved transportation. Inside the absence of investment in domestic sources for instance water power, all-natural gas, and lignite, Pakistan remains reliant on power imports. The biggest supply of energy is Ro60-0175 Epigenetic Reader Domain biomass. The government has decided to halt the building of new coal-fired energy plants because of environmental issues. Public oil and gas providers are thinking of privatization for a number of causes [1]. Pakistan is 43.5 reliant on imported oil for its whole power mix. The.